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Abstract

As the Kosovo Security Force (KSF) undergoes a strategic transformation into a fully operational military force, the need for modern and adaptive training methods has become increasingly urgent. While recent investments have focused on personnel growth, weapon procurement, and defense infrastructure, the integration of simulation-based learning (SBL) into training programs has not yet been considered. This study explores the potential of SBL - particularly virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and wargaming - as a tool for enhancing the readiness and adaptability of KSF personnel. Drawing on existing literature, the study evaluates the benefits and challenges of each technology in relation to the specific context of Kosovo. Findings suggest that while VR and AR offer immersive and technologically advanced experiences, their high cost and implementation complexity may limit immediate applicability. Wargaming, by contrast, presents a practical and cost-effective entry point for introducing SBL, with proven benefits in improving decision-making, stress management, and strategic thinking. The study concludes that integrating wargaming into KSF’s training programs would support their modernization goals and better prepare personnel for the complexities of modern warfare.

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