Abstract

The gravitational wave signal from merging compact binaries encodes information about their orbital and intrinsic properties. Over the last few years, state-of-the-art waveform models have begun to incorporate the effects of orbital eccentricity into their estimated signal. Over a similar period, many groups have applied these waveforms to characterize whether the imprint of eccentricity is present and, if so, measure this time-evolving property (at a suitably-defined reference point). In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of 173 confident sources identified in the O1 through O4a observing runs of the International Gravitational Wave Network (LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA). Using the RIFT parameter inference engine, we employ two independently implemented waveform models (SEOBNRv5EHM and TEOBResumS-Dali) which account for orbital eccentricity and the effects of aligned compact object spins. Using these two waveforms, we find consistent conclusions that disfavor the eccentric hypothesis. Unlike previous work, among binary black hole candidates, we find potential evidence for eccentricity in three events: GW200129, GW231001, and GW231123. For the latter two events, the evidence for eccentricity is ambiguous, with different degrees of support from different waveforms. Consistent with previous work, we find conclusions obtained about GW200129 can be sensitive to analysis settings, as expected, given the nonstationary noise present. We additionally present a RIFT eccentric analysis of GW241110 using SEOBNRv5EHM and find no evidence for residual eccentricity. The robustness of these eccentric binary black hole inferences against waveform systematics is further examined across public quasi-circular and precessing results, highlighting the importance of accounting for systematic differences in the astrophysical interpretation of our eccentric results.

Publication Date

7-2026

Document Type

Thesis

Student Type

Graduate

Degree Name

Astrophysical Sciences and Technology (MS)

Department, Program, or Center

Physics and Astronomy, School of

College

College of Science

Advisor

Richard O’Shaughnessy,

Advisor/Committee Member

Carlos Lousto

Advisor/Committee Member

Yosef Zlochower

Campus

RIT – Main Campus

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